Acids and bases

Chapter 16: 5-8 Homework

• Reading Preparation
• WebLecture
• Study Activity
• Preparation work for chat
• Online Quiz
• Lab Instructions

Reading Preparation

Textbook assignment: Read Kotz and Triechel, Chemistry and Chemical Reactivity Chapter 16: Sections 5 to 8.

Study Notes

1. 16.5 In an acid-base reaction, equilibrium lies to the side with the weaker acid and base: that is, there will be more of the weaker acid and base than of the stronger acid and base at equilibrium.
2. 16.6 Strong acids and bases dissociate completely. Weak acids and bases dissociate partially. This means the acid and its conjugate base (or the base and its conjugate acid) exist in equilibrium. In solutions, acids and bases react by donating protons to or taking protons from water molecules.
3. 16.7 Equilibrium constants K_a and K_b are determined experimentally, but can be used to predict outcomes of reactions where concentrations are determined from a measured pH value. In many cases, the concentrations can be estimated from the concentration of the stronger component if the weaker conjugate component is less than 1% of the concentration of the stronger.
4. 16.8 While some acids are capable of donating more than one proton, often the ionization energy for the second proton is so high that the contributing acid is very weak, and the number of second protons donated is very small compared to the number of first protons donated.

Web Lecture

Read the following weblecture before chat: Acids and Bases at Equilibrium

Study Activity

Chat Preparation Activities

• Essay question: The Moodle forum for the session will assign a specific study question for you to prepare for chat. You need to read this question and post your answer before chat starts for this session.
• Mastery Exercise: The Moodle Mastery exercise for the chapter will contain sections related to our chat topic. Try to complete these before the chat starts, so that you can ask questions.

Chapter Quiz

• There is no chapter quiz YET.

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(Aligns to) AP #13 GUIDED INQUIRY — Determining the Properties of a Buffer Solution I and II

NOTE: This is a two-session lab.

Design an experiment to add an acid or base to a buffer solution of known composition and concentration and predict the outcome Identify the equipment and solutions required, along with your the method for determining pH (meter, test papers, or indicator). Prepare solutions of known molarities and carry out your experiment.

Resources:

• AP2009 19 - Preparation and Properties of Buffer Solutions
• APGIE Investigation 15 Buffering Activity: To What Extent Do Common Household Products Have Buffering Activity?
• IGHCE Lab 11.3 OR HSCKM VII-3 Observe the Characteristics of a Buffer Solution
• There is no alternate form for this lab

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